Did America Violate International Law In Venezuela Operation?

Was the United States operation in Venezuela a violation of international law?

The key issue is sovereignty:
Under international law forcibly capturing a sitting head of state inside their own country is presumed illegal because it violates UN Charter Article 2 4 which prohibits the use of force against another states territorial integrity or political independence 

Customary international law on sovereignty and non intervention

Absent an exception such an operation would be unlawful

When could it be legal

Consent of the host state:
If Venezuelas recognized government consented to the operation it would be legal
This is highly unlikely unless Maduro had already been deposed or a successor government formally invited US forces
Without clear documented consent the action would be illegal

UN Security Council authorization:
The UN Security Council can authorize force under Chapter Seven
There is no known Security Council mandate authorizing US forces to seize Maduro
Without this authorization the action would be illegal

Self defense:
The United States could claim self defense only if Venezuela launched or was imminently launching an armed attack on the United States
The capture would have to be necessary and proportional

This standard has not been met in any public record

Drug trafficking corruption or authoritarianism do not qualify as armed attack

International criminal arrest:
Even if Maduro were indicted by US courts or the International Criminal Court The ICC cannot authorize unilateral military raids. Arrests must occur through state cooperation extradition or lawful transfer. A unilateral snatch operation would still violate sovereignty

Head of state immunity:
Sitting heads of state enjoy immunity under international law

US domestic indictments do not override international immunity

Immunity can be lifted only by the individuals own state or a competent international tribunal with jurisdiction

Historical precedent:

Similar actions such as Israels capture of Eichmann and the US capture of Noriega were widely criticized as illegal.

They were sometimes justified politically but did not become lawful precedents

Bottom line:
If US forces captured Nicolas Maduro inside Venezuela without Venezuelan government consent UN Security Council authorization or a valid self defense justification it would constitute a violation of international law including unlawful use of force violation of sovereignty and illegal intervention